
This study examined the effects of age, gender, and academic major on pre-service teachers’ (PSTs’) digital citizenship engagement (DCE) and the mediating role of institutional support in the Tanzanian teacher education context. DCE was conceptualised through three dimensions: digital ethics, online safety, and professional conduct. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed with 841 PSTs from a public university in central Tanzania. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling.