We developed a dataset on crop suitability of 23 major food crops (8 cereals, 6 legumes & pulses, 6 root & tuber crops, and 3 in banana family) in Africa. This dataset is based on a calibrated EcoCrop model parameterized with temperature, precipitation and soil data. The dataset is available for the historical period and mid-century. For future projections, the data is available under SSP1:RCP2.6, SSP3:RCP7.0 and SSP5:RCP8.5. This dataset provides a solid basis for a quantitative assessment of the impacts of climate change on crop production potential and will enable applications and linkages of crop impact studies to other important socioeconomic aspects