Dataset on rbcL-based Intra-Specific Genetic Diversity, In Silico Analysis and Population Structure of Newbouldia laevis (P.Beauv.) Seem. (Bignoniaceae) in Nigeria

Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Seem., commonly known as the African boundary tree, is a fast-growing evergreen shrub or small tree belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. Native to West and Central Africa, the species is widely distributed across diverse ecological zones, ranging from the humid rainforest to the Guinea savanna. It is highly valued for its economic, medicinal, and cultural importance throughout its native range. Despite its significance, N. laevis remains an underutilized species, with limited molecular genetic information available to support its conservation and improvement. This dataset provides comprehensive insights into the genetic diversity and distribution patterns of Newbouldia laevis across 18 states in Nigeria using the chloroplast rbcL gene, complemented by analyses of expressed rbcL gene variation through modelled protein structures. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that approximately 76.6% of the total genetic variation resides within populations, whereas 23.4% occurs among populations (ΦST ≈ 0.23), suggesting moderate genetic differentiation among geographical populations across Nigeria. The genetic information generated by this dataset enhances our understanding of the species' genetic diversity, population structure, and phylogenetic relationships, providing valuable baseline data for its conservation, sustainable utilization, genetic improvement, and domestication. Furthermore, these molecular resources contribute to informed conservation planning and support the long-term preservation and sustainable management of this economically and culturally important African plant species.