Developing a new genic SSR primer database for Vicia faba molecular breeding

Accelerating breeding programs require the use of efficient molecular tools and enhance the diversity of local faba bean cultivars. The aim of this study is to develop a new genetic database of available SSR primers, to classify these PCR primers according to the target genes and their respective cell processes, to assess the diversity and efficacy of the microsatellite markers applied to faba bean and to study the genetic structure of some selected faba bean cultivars. Approximately 75,605 and 148,196 previously published genomic and transcriptomic sequences were used to detect possible simple sequence repetitions in faba genomic content. The number of identified SSRs was 25502 and 12319, where the distribution to different repeat type classes shows that, the trinucleotide was the highest number of repeat counts followed by dinucleotide repeats. These genic SSR sequences were used to design 1091 PCR primers, out of which only 238 (21.8%) primers target genomic sequences and the other 853 PCR primers target transcriptomic sequences. The annotation of gene-targeted SSRs has shown that approximately 897 genes are targeted through our designed SSR primers. About 1890 gene ontology (GO) identification code has been obtained. The GOs keywords distributed between distinct cell molecular features, where the highest amount of redundant sentences is the technical word, domain and molecular feature phrases with 554, 196 and 160 GOs, respectively. These GOs belong to the general level of gene ontology, such as molecular function, cellular component and biological process with 544, 670 and 676 GOs, respectively. Twenty-seven SSR PCR primers were synthesized to genotype 12 Egyptian faba bean genotypes. About 11 SSR gave from 1 to 2 PCR bands, other gave only one sharp band with polymorphic band size. The number of polymorphic primers was 13 primers. The polymorphic mean polymorphism information content was 0.3 which implies moderate informativeness.