Effectiveness of strategies to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ghana

Background: Although Ghana has made significant progress regarding malnutrition and child mortality, malnutrition remains a significant public health issue. Identifying effective breastfeeding promotion strategies is considered a priority as a high-impact child nutrition intervention and holds the potential to improve EBF practices. Objective: This study examined current EBF promotion strategies in Ghana and their perceived effectiveness in supporting EBF in Ghana from the perspective of health care professionals. Methodology: Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a questionnaire that included open- and closed-ended questions. The participants for this study were healthcare professionals, including midwives, community health nurses, nutritionists, and public health nurses, working across the Upper East Region in Northern Ghana. Findings: The study found that the BFHI, including the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, is the most prominently utilized model in Ghana and is perceived by health professionals as the most effective breastfeeding strategy. However, these policies have not been fully implemented, and a notable gap exists in implementation, training, and enforcement. Implications: The study highlights the urgent need for more comprehensive training for healthcare workers, greater public awareness campaigns, and increased government funding to address these gaps. Conclusion: This study will help health professionals and policymakers design and implement effective and sustainable programs to improve EBF practices and child nutrition in Ghana.