Severe maternal anemia is a global concern, particularly in Africa, where resources are limited. This study proposes a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of severe maternal anemia on neonatal outcomes, including premature birth, low birth weight, infant mortality, and developmental issues. The aim is to identify patterns, gaps, and trends in the literature and provide insights into the complex relationship between severe maternal anemia and newborn health in Africa. The methodology is a mixed-method systematic review using the Joanna Briggs Institutes' approach, combining qualitative and quantitative studies. The results aim to improve global understanding of the correlation between maternal and neonatal health and provide region-specific strategies.