Energy recovery strategies as a sustainable solutions for municipal solid waste in Egypt

Abstract Plastic is highly durable, strong, elastic, and less expensive to produce, and widely used globally. The result of excessive use causes a high accumulation of plastic waste for communities in developing countries Like Egypt. Egypt is one of the largest countries in population in Africa and the middle east. According to Environments Affairs Agency (EEAA), Egypt produces over 22 million tons of municipal waste per year, and waste plastic represents 13% of the total waste. Therefore, plastic recycling is critical in our life. But mechanical recycling is unable to recycle all plastic, as it is an expansive and challenging process. It exhibits a series of degenerated properties like lowering the impact resistance characterizers of polymers. The second recycling process is chemical methods and thermochemical recycling. Thermochemical degradation has a promising substitutional for recycling polymers. For example, pyrolysis can deal with high molar mass organic molecules since the plastic owns a calorific value comparable to fuel. Energy Recovery from waste Plastic using the thermal treatment for plastics as incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis represents a suitable process as discussed. So, the fuel production from pyrolysis polymer would be a better and more promising alternative for a country like Egypt.