Environmental Parameter Monitoring for Resilient Communications: A Case Study of Air and Soil Temperature Variations in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria

As next-generation wireless networks and smart infrastructure expand into climate-sensitive environments, environmental data becomes critical for network reliability and performance. This study analyzes two years (2011–2012) of air and soil temperature data measured at 5 cm depth using an Integrated Sensor Suite (ISS) located in Akure, Nigeria. The dataset, recorded at five-minute intervals, was used to evaluate thermal variability and its relationship with wind speed—factors that influence signal attenuation, hardware reliability, and radio planning. Results reveal a sinusoidal seasonal pattern with peak temperatures in March and lows in August, alongside an inverse correlation between temperature and wind speed. These insights offer foundational data to improve the resilience of latency-sensitive and energy-constrained technologies such as 5G/NextG networks, IoT sensors, and smart mobility platforms in developing and tropical regions.