Epistemic Marking on Nouns in Nyala East

We describe and analyze cases of epistemic marking on nouns in Nyala East (Bantu, Luhya; Kenya). In Nyala East, certain nouns may indicate the perspectival source of the information referred to by the noun. We analyze this pattern as an expansion of a more pervasive pattern in Bantu languages, that of marking nouns with speaker-oriented meaning (Gambarage, 2019). Our analysis extends this idea to include cases of perspectival shift, where the perspective is not (just) speaker-oriented.