Evaluation of Hashab Trees (Acacia senegal) belt in Upper Nile State Using Ground Sampling in South Sudan

The Acacia Senegal trees (Hashab) in Upper Nile State are part of the Arabic gum belt extending between latitudes 10 and 14 degrees north. This belt includes the states of Blue Nile, White Nile, Kassala, Kordofan, and Darfur. Data was collected in Upper Nile State to collect data on the distribution of Hashab trees. On the north side of the Upper Nile State, there is a belt of Hashab trees in a wide range. This study aims to verify and estimate the presence of Hashab forests in the State under study by using a field survey by taking ground samples supported by remote sensing and conducting a social study by filling out a questionnaire to investigate the evaluation of Hashab belts in north Upper Nile State.The study explained that the educated population of the study area works in various government professions or the field of trade, while those with less education in agriculture and the sale of forest resources, including wood poles, charcoal production, and firewood. The area is characterised by the process of agricultural output, which facilitated the process of new growth of forest trees due to the association of forest trees with agricultural activities; explained by satellite images, which indicated the appearance of an extension of the forest to the south after it was found only in the northern parts of it, which helped the researcher to assess the presence of Acacia senegal in the area have become fertile lands for the growth of Hashab trees.The research recommends encouraging local people communities to conserve and plant Hashab trees in suitable areas.