Experiences of fistula survivors, a case study of Bungoma, Kilifi and Kiambu Counties, Kenya

Background: Female genital fistula (FGF) continues being a leading cause of maternal morbidity, especially in developing countries. Mothers living in rural and marginalized areas are the most affected, worst scenario, most unaware of the condition. This study explored the living experiences of fistula survivors both pre and post-surgery, guided by the transaction model of stress and coping. Methods: A cross-sectional study design adopted. Qualitative data collected, thirteen In-depth interviews and four Focused Group Discussions in three counties, Bungoma, Kilifi and Kiambu Counties, Kenya. These counties were purposively selected, being beneficiaries of a program aimed at ending fistula implemented by AMREF Kenya and Safaricom Foundation. All the study participants were program beneficiaries. Data was coded and thematically analysed using Nvivo. Results: The study established that FGF survivors had a difficult lifestyle pre-treatment due to incontinence and blistering. Some thought of fistula as a usual occurrence after childbirth hence never sought any medical service. Most of the FGF had been caused by childbirth complications, most mothers reported self-isolating themselves and being stigmatized. Post-treatment, mothers reported positive support from family and community members in reintegration process and successful childbearing. Mothers reported that their dignity had been restored after surgery. Conclusions: FGF causes mental health conditions among patients and survivors if society members neglect the reintegration process. Mothers still suffer in silence from fistula effects, need to support the treatment and reintegration processes through funding and policies that will enable create a world free of fistula, a leading cause of maternal morbidities.