EXTREME CLIMATE EVENTS AND AGRI-FOOD VULNERABILITY IN SOUTHERN MOZAMBIQUE

This study analyzed the effects of floods that occurred in early 2026 on agricultural production, food circulation, and food security in southern Mozambique, focusing on the provinces of Gaza and Maputo. The research adopted an exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory design with a mixed-methods approach. A purposive, non-probabilistic sample comprised 146 participants directly affected by the floods, including 92 smallholder farmers and 54 traders and agricultural intermediaries.Data collection combined secondary data review, structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups. Quantitative analysis measured production losses, logistical disruptions, income variations, and price fluctuations of staple foods, while qualitative analysis explored perceptions and adaptation strategies.The findings revealed significant losses in rice, maize, and bean production. More than half of the main distribution routes were either severely damaged or inaccessible, increasing transportation costs and post-harvest losses. Average household income declined by approximately 35%, while staple food prices rose between 25% and 40%, leading to shortages in local markets. Increased risks of child malnutrition and waterborne diseases were also observed.The study concludes that extreme climate events simultaneously affect production, food circulation, and economic well-being, highlighting the need for integrated public policies aimed at strengthening infrastructure, logistics, and the resilience of agri-food systems.