Eye care services utilization among adults in Sidama Region, 2022: A community based cross-sectional study

Background: In many developing regions, the utilization of eye care services remains low, even when such services are available. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of eye care service utilization and associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem Town, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 5 to June 10, 2022, among 584 randomly selected older adults in Yirgalem Town. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. Epi Data version 4.6.0.2 and SPSS version 23 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were employed to identify eye care service utilization factors. Adjusted Odds Ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to determine the strength of associations. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of eye care service utilization was 46.2% (95% CI: 41.7 - 50.1). Factors significantly associated with eye care service utilization included family income >7,000 ETB (AOR = 5.573, 95% CI: 2.011-15.443),  diabetes mellitus (AOR = 2.561, 95% CI: 1.514 - 4.335), history of eye disease (AOR = 15.353, 95% CI: 7.786 - 30.278), family history of eye disease (AOR = 2.070, 95% CI: 1.146 - 3.741), and awareness about the importance of regular eye checkups (AOR = 9.137, 95% CI: 5.040 - 16.564). Conclusion: The study revealed a moderate level of eye care service utilization in the study area. Higher income, personal and family history of eye disease, diabetes mellitus, and awareness about regular eye checkups were identified as significant factors influencing service utilization. Community-wide awareness campaigns led by healthcare facilities are recommended to improve eye care utilization