Geospatial Framework for Sustainable Land Administration for Low-Income Countries in Africa: Case study of Botswana

Many developing countries lack national policies and frameworks to establish how geospatial information can be incorporated into their global development agenda programs. Such policies and frameworks can help these countries to properly administer land and its resources in their national contexts. As a result, they face challenges in their efforts to achieve sustainability in properly administering land and its resources through the use of geospatial information. These issues can be addressed by a strategic geospatial framework that advocates for inclusive, participatory consensus and evidence-based decisionmaking initiatives. Unfortunately, such a framework does not exist in many developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, this study proposes a comprehensive and strategic geospatial framework for sustainable development, to provide policy and guidance to land administrators to effectively integrate geospatial information into the sustainable development agenda of Botswana as a case study. A Delphi method involving various experts in land administration was used to develop and validate the novel geospatial framework. The novelty of the proposed framework is that it provides insights on how developing countries can administer land and its resources by achieving Sustainable Development Goals 9 and 11. This study has answered the question of how and where geospatial information can contribute to achieving the outlined SDGs through proper monitoring and progress reporting of land administration issues in a developing country setup.