GIS based landslide susceptibility modeling using Frequency Ratio and Analytical Hierarchy Process Approaches. A Case of Debek and its surrounding, South Wollo, North Eastern, Ethiopia.

The study area is situated in northeastern Ethiopia, inside the South Wollo Zone of the
Amhara Region, roughly 500 kilometers from Addis Ababa. Landslides have caused a great
deal of human sorrow in this area, affecting farms, villages, graves, and infrastructures.
This study's main objective was to evaluate the potential hazards of landslides and map the
hazards using the Frequency Ratio (FR) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. In
order to achieve this, field surveys and satellite image were used to identify 328 landslides,
which later were separated into training landslides (75%) and validation landslides (25%).
Slope, aspect, elevation, distance to streams, distance to springs, slope material, distance to
lineaments, and land use and land cover (LULC) are the eight elements that were taken into
account as contributing factors to landslides. Ultimately, utilizing GIS-based FR and AHP
methodologies, landslide susceptibility zones were generated, and outcomes of the two
different approaches were validated using an inventory map.
A landslide susceptibility map generated via the frequency ratio method reveals that the area
is divided into the following categories: very low susceptibility (VLS) at 121.7 km² (41.19%),
low susceptibility (LS) at 42.05 km² (14.22%), moderate susceptibility (MS) at 33.15 km²
(11.22%), high susceptibility (HS) at 32.07 km² (10.85%), and very high susceptibility (VHS)
at 66.6 km² (22.53%). The AHP's final results show that 23.09% (68.26 km2) of the study area
is very low susceptibility, 26.34% (77.85 km2) is low susceptibility, 17.77% (52.52 km2) is
moderate susceptibility, 13.74% (40.63 km2) is high susceptibility, and 19.06% (56.33 km2) is
very high susceptibility. Funded by Mekdela Amba University