sibdevmac/Socio-economic-analysis-of-South-Africa

This helps to analyse if the socio-economic inequality lowered at South Africa or not. # 📊 Is Apartheid Really Over? ### A Data-Driven Analysis of Socio-Economic Inequality in South Africa --- ## 📅 Historical Context On this very day in **1992**, a referendum led by the white population in South Africa voted to dismantle apartheid laws. While apartheid officially ended, an important question remains: > **Have social and economic conditions truly improved?** --- ## 📂 Dataset - Link: kaggle.com - The raw file is at ghs-2022-person-v1.csv.zip. Unzip it to get the file. 📌 Note: Only the **2022 dataset** was used for this analysis. --- ## ⚙️ Tools Used - Python (Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly) - Jupyter Notebook - GitHub (for project hosting) --- # 📊 Key Insights --- ## 1️⃣ Income Inequality by Race - **Whites earn the highest incomes** - Followed by: - Indian/Asian - Coloured - African/Black (lowest) ### 🔍 Question Raised: Is this due to population imbalance? --- ## 2️⃣ Population & Employment Distribution - African/Black population dominates both: - Metro areas - Non-metro areas ### Employment Share: - African/Black → **76.3%** - White → **11.1%** - Coloured → **9.1%** - Indian/Asian → **3.5%** ### 💡 Insight: - African/Black population contributes most **numerically** - However, **income per individual remains low** --- ## 3️⃣ Income Gap Within Provinces - Whites earn more in **every province** - African/Black population earns the least consistently - Indian/Asian group shows relatively strong income levels - Coloured population shows **high variability** ### 🧠 Conclusion: > Inequality persists even within the same region → This indicates **structural inequality**, not just geographic differences --- ## 4️⃣ Spatial Inequality (Regional Income Gap) ### 📈 Above National Average: - Northern Cape → **+19.2%** - Western Cape → **+16.4%** - Free State → **+13.7%** - Gauteng → **+11.0%** ### 📉 Below Nationa …