Hépatite B chez la femme enceinte à Mahajanga : déterminants e

Introduction: Hepatitis B remains a major public health problem in areas of high endemicity. This study aimed to identify factors associated with infection in pregnant women and to assess its perinatal impacts. Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical, matched case-control study conducted at the PZAGA University Hospital Center in Mahajanga over a three-year period (2022–2024). Cases consisted of HBsAg-positive pregnant women, and controls of HBsAg-negative women, matched according to the study period. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) calculation with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis B in our pregnant women was 2.45%. Risky behaviors (OR=2.20; p=0.045) and lack of vaccination (p=0.005) were associated with infection. Threatened preterm birth (42.9% vs. 11.9%; p<0.001) and neonatal mortality (9.5% vs. 1.2%; p=0.042) were more frequent in the group of cases. No significant difference was observed for Apgar score or neonatal infection. Conclusion: HBV infection is associated with preventable factors and adverse perinatal outcomes, justifying the strengthening of perinatal prevention strategies. Key words: hepatitis B, perinatal impacts, pregnancy, associated factors