Haematological Reference Values in Adults from Rural South Libya: A Cross-Sectional Study in Wadi Shatti

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the hematological profile of adults residing in rural South Libya, with a focus on identifying potential health concerns and establishing localized reference values for key blood parameters.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2023 across three western villages in Wadi Shatti, Libya: Edri, Timssan, and Al Mansoura. A total of 165 individuals were randomly selected. Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests were performed, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23. The analysis focused on five hematological parameters: hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBCs), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and platelet count.Results: Out of 161 valid CBC reports, the mean hemoglobin concentration was 13.9 g/dL, with 28.7% of participants exhibiting Hb levels below 12 g/dL. Statistically significant gender-based differences were observed, with males showing higher Hb levels than females (p < 0.001). Smokers demonstrated elevated Hb and RBC levels compared to non-smokers (p < 0.001). The mean MCV was 83.28 fL, with females showing higher values than males (p = 0.041). Hematocrit levels were significantly higher among males and smokers (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The findings reveal notable variations in hematological parameters based on gender and smoking status. These results emphasize the importance of developing region-specific reference values and conducting further studies to enhance understanding of hematological health in the Libyan population.