Abstract
Epidemics of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in the twentieth century led to millions of deaths. However, since the start of the twenty-first century, there has been a continued decline in the number of reported cases, due to increased investment and prioritisation of control efforts. Systematic screening of at-risk areas and widespread access to increasingly advanced diagnostics and treatments, along with much improved vector control, has all helped to make disease elimination achievable in the near future. Despite the progress, the danger of disease resurgence is well known for HAT, and continued surveillance and treatment availability are essential. Additionally, many uncertainties regarding HAT transmission remain and combine to make potential disease eradication a complete unknown.