Integrated Seismic Attribute-petrophysical Coupling for Reservoir Quality Prediction in the “MD” Field, Onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria

Abstract This study presents an integrated seismic attribute petrophysical approach for reservoir quality prediction and hydrocarbon prospect delineation in the “MD” Field, onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria. The workflow integrates well log analysis, well-to-seismic tie, structural interpretation, and seismic attribute extraction using 3D seismic data and logs from five wells (MD_1 – MD_5). Two main reservoir intervals (MD1000 and MD2000) were delineated using gamma ray, resistivity, density, and neutron logs. Petrophysical evaluation indicates shale volume (Vsh) ranging from 0.07 to 0.52, suggesting predominantly clean to moderately shaly sands, while porosity values range from 0.10 to 0.27, indicating moderate to good reservoir quality. Water saturation (Sw) varies between 0.07 and 0.52, with corresponding high hydrocarbon saturation (Sh up to 0.93), confirming the presence of hydrocarbon bearing zones. Net-to-gross (N/G) values of 0.48–0.93 further indicate substantial net pay and reservoir continuity across the field. Well-to-seismic tie using synthetic seismograms established a reliable correlation between well data and seismic reflections, enabling accurate mapping of reservoir horizons. Structural interpretation reveals a fault controlled system dominated by listric growth faults and rollover anticlines, which serve as the primary trapping mechanisms. Seismic attributes, including RMS amplitude, envelope, and sweetness, highlight high amplitude anomalies associated with hydrocarbon accumulations, particularly within structurally favorable closures. The integration of seismic attributes with petrophysical results identified undrilled prospective zones with significant exploration potential. The study demonstrates that coupling seismic attributes with quantitative petrophysical analysis provides a robust framework for reservoir characterization and reduces uncertainty in hydrocarbon exploration within complex deltaic environments.