Knowledge, Preventive Practices, and Public Health Control Measures of Infectious Diseases Among Secondary School Students in Nigeria

Infectious diseases remain a significant threat to public health, particularly among secondary school students in Nigeria, where knowledge gaps and limited resources can exacerbate transmission. This study explores the level of knowledge, preventive practices, and the effectiveness of public health control measures related to infectious diseases among secondary school students in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted across selected secondary schools, utilizing structured questionnaires to assess students’ knowledge of common infectious diseases, their preventive behaviors, and their awareness of public health interventions. Results from the findings of this study reveal that while a majority of students possess basic awareness of infectious diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever, and tuberculosis, comprehensive understanding of transmission routes and prevention strategies is lacking. Preventive practices, including hand hygiene and use of protective measures, are inconsistently applied, often hindered by inadequate facilities and cultural misconceptions. Public health control measures, such as health education campaigns and vaccination programs, show variable reach and impact, with urban schools generally exhibiting better outcomes than their rural counterparts. The study underscores the urgent need for enhanced health education, improved infrastructure, and consistent implementation of control measures. Strengthening partnerships between schools, health authorities, and communities is recommended to foster sustainable improvements in knowledge and practices, ultimately reducing the burden of infectious diseases among Nigerian secondary school students.