This study investigates the lipidome profiles manifested in human serum samples originating from 198 west African children from three independent ethnic groups in Burkina Faso, collected before and during P. falciparum malarial infection, with the aim of characterizing lipid metabolism perturbations associated with disease severity. Untargeted lipidomic profiling was performed using complex lipid platform at Metabolon Inc. (Durham, NC, USA).