<b>Artificial intelligence and transformation of library and information services in academic libraries in Kano state, Nigeria</b><b></b>

Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the scene of library and information services; by improving library automation, information retrieval and user engagement. In spite of the tremendous potentials of AI technologies in libraries, their adoption and integration in many academic libraries remain limited, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. This study examines the adoption and use of AI in academic libraries, determine the extent of their use, assess the librarian’s awareness, perception, and readiness of AI, as well as the benefits and challenges associated with effective AI adoption. The study employed a descriptive survey research design, and the data was collected from academic librarians in the three selected universities in Kano state; Bayero University, Kano, Northwest University, Kano, and Skyline University, Kano. Total enumeration (census) sampling was employed, where fourty seven (47) respondents were randomly selected. A structured online questionnaire was used to collect the data, out of 47 questionnaires, distributed, twenty-eight (28) valid responses were obtained, and analysed. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were experienced and highly qualified librarians. The results further indicate high level of familiarity, only demonstrating moderate level of understanding. Analysis of perception, readiness, and acceptance variables showed overwhelming positive responses, with approximately 88% responses indicating agreement with AI related statements, the Librarians also affirmed that, AI improves efficiency, and is applicable in core library operations, such cataloguing, classification, and reference service. Despite positive disposition towards AI, a small proportion of respondents exhibited low awareness, and limited readiness, suggesting gaps in practical knowledge and implementation capacity. The study concludes that; while academic librarians show strong acceptance of AI, there is need for targeted training and capacity building initiatives to enhance effective adoption and AI utilization in academic libraries. The study will provide useful impact for librarians, library administrators, policy makers in developing strategies to enhance the integration of AI technology in academic libraries.