Map of southern Africa showing distribution of sampling per population identifier and significant historical events that likely shaped ancestral contributions.

Study participants were sourced from two regions in Namibia and defined as Ju/'hoan (n = 19), !Xun (n = 14) (green) or Baster (n = 30, baige), while participants sourced within the boarders of South Africa included the amaXhosa (n = 15, orange) from the Eastern Cape and a geographical dispersal of the Coloured (n = 25). As the predominant population within the Western Cape (yellow), this region has contributed to the bulk of published Coloured data. The Coloured in this study reported a local heritage that included part of the Northern Cape (n = 10, purple), the Eastern Cape (n = 7, aqua), while the Western Cape Coloureds within this study were all originally from the hub of Coloured culture and population emergence, District Six (n = 8, peach). The geographical dispersal of the #Khomani is also indicated (brown). Relevant historical events that have shaped regional population admixture are indicated in chronological order.