Molecular Characterization Of Extended Spectrum Betalactamases Genes (Blactxm And Blashv) In Enterobacteria Isolates In Medical Specimens In Lomé (Togo)

Abstract Background Extendum Bêtalactamases genes spread throughout the world. Many informations are known about it in Europe, Asia and elsewhere. In Africa particularly in Togo, we have lack informations although their prevalence are still increasing. The aim of this study is to identify the blaSHV and blaCTXM genes on Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in two medical bacteriology laboratories in Lomé. Material and method 46 strains (20 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 23 Escherichia coli and 3 Enterobacter cloacae) isolated at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital (n = 31) and at Institut d’Hygiène (n = 15) in Lomé were investigated in search of blaSHV and blaCTXM through gene amplification. The strains were isolated from various samples in 2015 and 2016. An amplification of blaTEM was carried out in case of negativity to both genes. A sequencing of the amplicons was carried out then the sequences identified through blastX on the basis of NCBI data. Results We found 97.9% resistance to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, gentamicin, levofloxacin and to sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim. 8.7% of the strains were resistant to ertapenem. All the strains carried blaCTXM-15. In Klebsiella pneumoniae, blaSHV-1 blaSHV-11, blaSHV-28, blaSHV-61, blaSHV-77 were identified. Associations were found (blaSHV-1 / blaCTXM-15, blaSHV-11 / blaCTXM-15, blaSHV-28 / blaCTXM-15). blaTEM was identified on a strain of Enterobacter cloacae. Conclusion There is a diversity of blaSHV genes with a dominance of blaCTXM-15. blaTEM remains the gene to search for in case of absence of the two previous genes in ESBL strains in Lomé.