NOVEL INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR HIV MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA: EPIDEMIOLOGY, FLOWCHARTS, EMERGING DISCOVERIES, THERAPEUTIC INNOVATIONS, AND STRATEGIC PATHWAYS TO ERADICATION
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This paper examines the ongoing HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, where the continent bears about 70% of global cases with 830,000 new infections in 2024 despite ART progress. It introduces three innovative, Africa-tailored flowcharts for integrated management: diagnostic/ART initiation (with community self-testing, psychosocial assessment, and rapid linkage); adherence/viral monitoring (including AI predictions, mental health integration, and resistance screening); and prevention/psychosocial support (emphasizing long-acting PrEP, digital education, and privacy-protected partner services). These blend biomedical, cultural, and community-driven elements to potentially boost adherence by 30% in low-resource settings.
Reviewing 2024–2025 advances—like lenacapavir's high-efficacy prevention, gene therapies for functional cures, and latency reversal. It proposes a five-pillar plan for prevention scale-up, AI surveillance, equity policies, pediatric elimination, and collaborative research to accelerate UNAIDS targets and halve new infections in five years.