Nutritive and Anti-nutritional Composition of Picralima nitida Leaves: Potential as a Dry-Season Feed Resource for Ruminants

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agriculture

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paper

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Abd

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Abstract Dry‑season feed scarcity limits small ruminant production in northern Nigeria, with natural pastures declining below 7% crude protein. Evergreen browse species such as Picralima nitida remain green during drought but lack comprehensive nutritional data. Fresh leaves were collected in Mokwa, Nigeria, and analyzed for proximate, mineral, vitamin, and phytochemical composition. On a dry‑weight basis, crude protein was 10.68%, crude fibre 39.38%, ash 10.27%, and carbohydrate 38.44%. Macro minerals were exceptionally low: Ca 0.0027%, Mg 0.0035%, K 0.033%, Na 0.0085%, and P 0.060%, yielding an inverse Ca:P ratio of 1:22.7. The leaves contained 0.42 mg RAE/100g of vitamin A on a dry weight basis, whereas vitamin C levels were insignificant. Qualitative screening confirmed saponins, tannins, oxalates, alkaloids, and phytates. These results suggest P. nitida leaves can provide maintenance protein during feed scarcity but require calcium supplementation and processing to reduce anti‑nutritional factors. Further quantitative phytochemical analysis and feeding trials are recommended to establish safe inclusion levels.

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