Open Science Knowledge and Practices among Tanzanian Scholars

The Open Science (OS) movement is rapidly expanding globally, enhancing the accessibility of scientific knowledge. However, awareness and practices of OS among researchers in Tanzania remain unclear. This study aimed to assess OS awareness and practices among Tanzanian scholars and to identify the challenges they encounter. A digital survey was conducted among academicians, researchers, students, librarians, and science communicators in Tanzania, using a Google Form shared via social media and institutional mailing lists. Analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results indicated that 84 per cent of respondents (n = 144) were aware of OS, primarily through peers and online platforms. Open access (OA) publishing emerged as the most prevalent OS practice, underscoring the need for greater awareness of other OS activities. Respondents reported several barriers to OS adoption, including insufficient knowledge, lack of institutional support, and concerns over data security. The study underscores the significance of peer learning and online resources in promoting OS awareness and advocates for supportive institutional policies, infrastructure development, and guidelines to encourage OS practices among Tanzanian scholars.