Optimizing B5G Non-Terrestrial Cellular Mobile Radio Network Planning for Bahir Dar City Using Swarm Intelligent Algorithms

Optimization of beyond fifth-generation (B5G) non-terrestrial cellular mobile radio network planning has become a critical issue in the Bahir Dar city area. Several studies have examined how to optimize the performance of B5G terrestrial mobile cellular radio network planning for future wireless communication systems in the Bahir Dar area and other regions worldwide. This paper aims to minimize path loss and atmospheric attenuation and to maximize coverage area and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), including a link budget analysis, in a B5G non-terrestrial mobile cellular radio network using an Ethiopian low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite, employing swarm algorithms for the Bahir Dar city area. The swarm intelligence optimization algorithms considered are the ant lion optimizer (ALO), the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). A comparative analysis was conducted in the Bahir Dar area using the Ethiopian LEO satellite system. The simulation results for all three swarm intelligence algorithms in the city of Bahir Dar demonstrate acceptable performance across evaluation metrics, including path loss, atmospheric loss, coverage area, and SNR, in the B5G system. The frequency used is 100 GHz for the Bahir Dar city area. The simulation is based on the threshold values specified in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standards for satellite communication systems. The results for parameters such as path loss less than or equal to 111.923dB, total propagation loss less than or equal to 170 dB, and SNR greater than or equal to -3.3568 dB are presented for three algorithms, without location differences, across the Bahir Dar city areas in Ethiopia. Abyssinia Journal of Engineering and Computing, Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024)