Oral health in rural South African type 2 diabetic patients

Diabetes increases the risk of periodontal disease, but information from the tropics is lacking, and the relationship between periodontal disease and glycaemic control is uncertain. We examined 23 type 2 diabetic patients in a rural and resource-poor area of South Africa. Mean age was 59 ± 10 (1SD) years, and diabetes duration 6 ± 6 years. In all,11 were 'well controlled' (glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) <8.0%, mean 6.5%), and 12 'poorly controlled' (HbA 1c >8.0%, mean 13.0%). Periodontal disease was more common in the poorly controlled group (42% versus18%, P <0.002). We conclude that dental health is poor in type 2 diabetic patients in rural Africa, and that periodontal disease is closely related to glycaemic control. Improved dental and diabetes care is needed in such communities.