Pattern of Orbito-Oculoplastic Disorders in a Tertiary Health Facility in North Central Nigeria

Background: Oculoplastic disorders may be as a result of congenital malformation, involutional changes, trauma, metabolic diseases and neoplasms which result in visual dysfunction and anatomical deformities. We sought to determine the frequency and distribution pattern of orbitooculoplastic disorders seen over a seven-year period at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Method: A retrospective hospital-based study of patients that presented to the Jos University Teaching Hospital from January 2015 to January 2022. Complete records of all patients were retrieved and data entered into Microsoft excel sheet, cleaned, exported to and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The relative frequency of orbito-oculoplastic disorders from the study was 4.9%. The most common presentation seen was eyelid disorders 396 (34.2%), followed by ocular disorders 281(24.2%), and oncology 149(12.9%). The least common was socket disorders 49 (4.2%). Of the eyelid disorders seen, lid laceration was the commonest 79(19.9%). There were relatively more males presenting with orbitooculoplastic disorders 576 (51.4%), with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Younger individuals were more affected (51.1%) with an overall mean age of 28.1±22.1 years and a median age of 26 years, this was attributed to their increased consciousness about their appearance. Conclusion: Orbito-oculoplastic disorders seen were varied, with the commonest type being eyelid disorders. Traumatic eyelid laceration was the predominant presentation, with younger males being more affected. Socket disorders were the least common orbito-oculoplastic conditions seen.