Abstract
This chapter analyses historical and contemporary sociolinguistic dynamics behind the genesis and diversity of Mozambican Portuguese. Focusing on the situation of contact between Portuguese and African languages, it is shown how the privileged status ascribed to Portuguese has contributed to increasing the proportion of Mozambican citizens who can speak this language, including as a first language. In contrast, the proportion of speakers of African languages as first languages is in decline. The chapter also discusses the heterogenic nature of Mozambican Portuguese and points to some sociolinguistic factors that can be used to explain the development of this emerging variety.