Prevalence and Factors Associated with Psychological Distress and Coping Mechanisms Among Conflict-Affected Populations in Leer, South Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Prolonged conflict in South Sudan has exposed civilians to severe traumatic events, displacement, and loss of livelihoods. Leer County, a region significantly impacted by violence, hosts a population with presumed high levels of mental health vulnerabilities. However, limited empirical data existed regarding the specific prevalence of psychological distress and the adaptive or maladaptive coping mechanisms employed by these communities.  Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychological distress, identify associated sociodemographic and conflict-related factors, and explore the psychosocial coping mechanisms utilized by conflict-affected populations in Leer, South Sudan.  Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed targeting adults aged 18 years and above residing in IDP camps, host communities, and returnee settlements. A multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to select a final sample of 380 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) to measure distress and the Brief COPE inventory to assess coping strategies. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were used to determine prevalence, while multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of psychological distress.