PROTECTING CHILDREN FROM HARMFUL PRACTICES IN PLURAL LEGAL SYSTEMS, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON AFRICA

Abstract: This article explores the prevalence and impact of harmful practices against children within plural legal systems, with a particular focus on the African continent. Harmful practices—ranging from child marriage and female genital mutilation to witchcraft-related abuse—continue to endanger millions of children globally, often under the protection or tolerance of customary and religious legal frameworks. Through the case study of Najoob, a young girl forced into marriage, the article underscores the urgent need for legislative reform that aligns with international human rights standards, particularly the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. The paper highlights the importance of not only enacting laws but also ensuring their implementation through awareness campaigns, community dialogue, and the capacity-building of professionals. The research emphasizes the role of international organizations and national governments in combating impunity and promoting child protection. Ultimately, it argues for comprehensive, multi-level interventions to eliminate harmful practices and protect children's rights in all legal systems.