Rice Fields as Mosquito Density Indicators for Malaria Prediction in Nigeria: An Anthropological View

The World Health Organization (WHO) identifies high-risk areas for disease outbreaks in African countries (WHO, 2019a). Sub-Saharan Africa, including Kebbi state in Nigeria, is particularly susceptible to vector-borne diseases (WHO, 2019a). Malaria is a significant health concern in Kebbi state, where rice fields serve as breeding sites for mosquitoes (CDC, 2020). This paper proposes an early warning system that utilizes satellite imagery and household data to predict mosquito populations in Kebbi State. Integrating machine learning and satellite imagery can inform disease control strategies and public health interventions. Additionally, this approach presents opportunities for anthropological research into the political aspects of malaria and rice farming in Kebbi state, Nigeria. Anthropologists can analyse the socio-political and economic factors influencing malaria persistence while considering the perspectives of local communities. Understanding the intricate relationships between farmers, mosquitoes, and public health officials can contribute to the development of more effective and equitable malaria control strategies. The poverty rate of approximately 72.0% in Kebbi state further complicates healthcare accessibility (Nigeria Health Watch, 2021). By focusing on this region and employing a multidisciplinary approach, this paper aims to address the urgent health challenges and support sustainable solutions for malaria prevention in Kebbi state, Nigeria.