Spatial Analysis of Mosquito Breeding Sites and Associated Environmental Risk Factors in Lagos, Nigeria

Malaria remains a major public health challenge in urban regions of Nigeria, particularly in densely populated areas such as Lagos. This study investigates the spatial distribution of mosquito breeding sites and examines the environmental factors contributing to their proliferation. Field observations and environmental assessments were conducted to identify common breeding habitats, including stagnant water bodies, poorly drained areas, and waste accumulation zones. The findings reveal a strong association between mosquito breeding site density and environmental conditions such as poor sanitation, inadequate drainage systems, and high population density. Areas with limited waste management infrastructure showed significantly higher concentrations of breeding sites. This study highlights the importance of integrating spatial analysis into public health strategies for malaria control. Targeted environmental management, improved sanitation, and community-based interventions are recommended to reduce mosquito breeding and mitigate malaria transmission risk in urban settings. The results contribute to ongoing efforts in malaria prevention and provide a framework for future research and policy implementation in similar urban environments.