Spatial Distribution and Determinant Factor of Women's Unemployment Status in Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Those who are capable of working but do not have a job are said to be unemployed and are looking for compensation or profit. One of the biggest issues facing both developed and developing nations in the modern era is unemployment. Private and societal issues including prostitution, alcoholism, poverty, and an increase in crimes are all caused by unemployment. This study's primary goal was to characterize the geographic disparities in women's unemployment in Ethiopia. Techniques: The EDHS 2016 provided the dataset used in this investigation. Basic social and demographic information was included in the data. We used spatial analysis to find the geographical variation in our data. Findings : Of the 15683 women who participated in the study, 10011 (63.8%) are unemployed, and 5672 (36.2%) are employed in Ethiopia. in line with EDHS data from 2016. The Global Moran's I test results show that Ethiopian women's unemployment rates were either clustered or not random. Nearly the whole region of Afar and Somalia, southwest Tigray, north and west Oromia, and eastern and southern Amhara were identified as high-risk areas for women's unemployment status. Conversely, low-risk areas included Addis Abeba, eastern and central Oromia, Gambela, Dire Dawa and Hariri, nearly all Benshangul-bearing areas, and the eastern SNNPR. Conclusion: This study shows the regional cluster-level spatial distribution of women's unemployment status in Ethiopia. High outlier clusters were found to be more prevalent than low outlier clusters, according to the cluster and outlier analysis. The eastern regions of Tigray and Gambela, the central portion of Oromia, and the western portion of Benshangul Gumuz were the locations of these high outliers. However, low outliers were primarily discovered in Northern and Central Somalia, Eastern Afar, Eastern Amhara, Eastern and Northern part of Oromia, and Western Tigray.