Supporting datasets for "Aridity-driven transition of global ecosystem drought sensitivity reveals an ecohydrological vulnerability window"

This dataset contains global gridded products generated to investigate aridity-driven transitions in ecosystem drought sensitivity and future ecosystem vulnerability under climate change. The dataset includes five components: (1) the correlation between standardized soil moisture (SM) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) anomalies after STL decomposition, including both pixel-level SM–VPD correlations and correlations calculated within SM–VPD bins; (2) ecosystem productivity sensitivity datasets derived from GOSIF and TL-LUE GPP products, including the sensitivity of GPP to VPD under different soil moisture conditions and the sensitivity of GPP to soil moisture under different VPD conditions; (3) aridity index (AI) datasets, including the mean AI during 2000–2020 and projected mean AI under SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585 scenarios for 2021–2040 and 2041–2060; (4) a global stable vegetation mask identifying areas where vegetation types remained unchanged during 2000–2020; and (5) global maximum reforestation potential maps. These datasets support the analysis of ecosystem responses to increasing aridity, the identification of an ecological vulnerability window along the global aridity gradient, and the assessment of future climate risks for vegetated ecosystems and reforestation regions.