The Impact of #EndSARS Protests on Tourism Infrastructure in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria

The #EndSARS protests, a major socio-political movement in Nigeria, significantly impacted various sectors, including tourism. This study explores the effects of the protests on tourism infrastructure in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative research, the study assesses the extent of damage to tourism facilities, economic losses, and long-term implications for the region’s tourism development. The findings indicate considerable damage to key tourism infrastructure, including hotels, recreational facilities, and transport services, resulting in severe financial losses and a decline in tourist arrivals. These disruptions were compounded by the ongoing challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, further straining the tourism sector. The economic repercussions include reduced revenue and a potential decrease in future investments. The research also reveals significant socio-economic consequences for local communities reliant on tourism for their livelihoods. Interviews with stakeholders highlight an urgent need for strategic interventions to restore confidence in the tourism  industry and improve its resilience (Achu et al, 2025). Recommendations include enhancing security measures, fostering community involvement in tourism planning, and investing in robust infrastructure to withstand socio-political disruptions. Addressing these challenges can help Calabar rebuild its tourism potential and support sustainable economic development. This study emphasizes the need for a coordinated effort among government agencies, the private sector, and local communities to ensure long-term tourism sustainability.