The Role of Integrated Development Program Model on Citizen Livelihood in Rwanda: A Case Study, Gikomero Sector, Gasabo District (2017–2024)

This study examines the role of the Integrated Development Program (IDP) model on citizen livelihoods in Rwanda, with a case study of Gikomero Sector in Gasabo District over the period 2017–2024. The study aimed to: (1) examine the level and effectiveness of community participation in the IDP process; (2) assess the impact of the IDP model on poverty reduction; (3) evaluate its effectiveness in improving access to basic services; and (4) examine its role in enhancing sustainable economic empowerment. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from 250 household respondents and qualitative insights from 12 key informants was employed. Descriptive, correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses were applied. Results indicate that community participation in implementation was highest (M = 3.92), while participation collectively predicted perceived IDP effectiveness (R² = 0.48, p < .001). Household income emerged as the strongest predictor of poverty reduction (β = 0.35, p < .001), and access to clean water (M = 4.45) and electricity (M = 4.40) showed the greatest service improvements. Economic empowerment indicators were high, with household income (r = 0.73) and engagement in income-generating activities (r = 0.71) most strongly associated with household resilience (R² = 0.72). The study concludes that the IDP Model has significantly contributed to multidimensional improvements in living standards, service accessibility, and economic resilience. Sustained improvements require continuous skills development, microfinance support, and strengthened community participation in monitoring. The findings underscore the need for policymakers and local communities to reinforce infrastructure provision, expand livelihood support, and integrate environmental sustainability measures.