Traditional Cattle Fattening Practices in Karat-Zuria and Arba Minch-Zuria Woredas, South Ethiopia

Smallholder cattle fattening is a key livelihood activity in south Ethiopia, providing income, meat, and draft power. This study assessed traditional cattle fattening practices, herd characteristics, feeding strategies, and market patterns in Karat-Zuria and Arba Minch-Zuria Woredas. A total of 104 households (66 from Karat-Zuria, 38 from Arba Minch-Zuria) were interviewed using structured questionnaires and field observations. Results showed that fattening practices were predominantly male-dominated (92.3%), with local cattle breeds preferred (63.5%). Farmers in Karat-Zuria preferred older cattle (>6 years), fed animals more frequently (5.64 ± 1.93 times/day), and fattened cattle for longer durations (5.3 ± 2.49 months) compared to Arba Minch-Zuria. Feeding was largely non-standardized, relying on local supplements. Seasonal fattening peaked during festivals (55.8%), and market destinations varied geographically. The findings highlight the need for improved feeding, age selection, and extension services to enhance productivity and profitability in smallholder fattening systems.