As climate shocks continue to put pressure on urban food systems, urban agriculture (UA) has increasingly been recognized as a promising way to build resilience and improve food security (Lal, 2020). In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), UA is being actively promoted as part of broader strategies to enhance food access and buffer cities against the impacts of climate change (Audate et al., 2019). Still, the evidence base remains scattered across contexts and methods. This scoping review brings together peer-reviewed studies to explore how different across contexts and methods. This scoping review brings together peer-reviewed studies to explore how different forms of urban agriculture shape food system outcomes in urban settings across African countries.