Development and Performance Evaluation of an Optimized Receiver Antenna Height Model for Improved Signal Reception in VHF and UHF Bands

The need for reliable VHF and UHF signal reception in Nigeria is challenged by diverse terrains, climatic variability, and rapid urban development. The study aimed to develop and evaluate an optimized receiver antenna height model to improve signal reception, using Nigeria Info as the case study. This research work tackles these challenges through three key objectives: collection and analysis of signal strength measurements across varying receiver antenna heights within Nigeria Info’s coverage area, development of a mathematical model that optimizes receiver antenna height for enhanced signal reception, and comparison of the optimized model’s performance with conventional propagation models. A simulation-based approach was adopted using MATLAB to model signal propagation characteristics and to evaluate the antenna performance under varying conditions. Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements were obtained across the urban, suburban and rural environments at different antenna heights. MATLAB/Simulink was employed to design and simulate the optimized model, which incorporated terrain profiles, environmental attenuation factors, and climate variables. The result obtained show that the optimized model improved prediction accuracy by 12-20% over conventional models with an optimal reception height ranged between 35-50m. The simulation results confirmed that receiver antenna height significantly influences signal reception in both VHF and UHF bands, with optimal heights varying, depending on frequency and propagation conditions. The optimized model demonstrates superior adaptability compared to conventional models, particularly in regions with complex terrain and climate challenges. The findings of this study contribute to the improvement of wireless communication system design, especially in broadcast, mobile, and terrestrial communication networks. The optimized antenna height model offers a practical and cost-effective solution for enhancing signal quality and coverage in VHF and UHF applications.