Enhancing Energy Reliability in Nigeria – Biomass Energy the Universal Remedy

This research investigates the potential of biomass energy to enhance energy security in Nigeria, focusing on its role in addressing the country’s energy challenges. Nigeria, heavily reliant on fossil fuels, faces significant energy insecurity, characterized by frequent power outages, infrastructural deficiencies, and environmental concerns. Biomass energy, derived from abundant resources such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, and animal manure, presents a promising alternative. This study analyzes the evolution of research on biomass utilization from 1986 to 2022, revealing a significant increase in publications during 2013-2022, which highlights the growing interest in this field. The analysis of 73 publications across 54 journals indicates that the "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review" is the leading journal in this domain. The research underscores that biomass energy can improve the availability and reliability of energy supply, provide economic benefits, enhance environmental sustainability, and support rural electrification. However, the successful implementation of biomass energy projects in Nigeria is contingent upon overcoming technical, economic, policy, and social challenges. Recommendations include strengthening policy frameworks, investing in research and development, and promoting community engagement. The study concludes that biomass energy has the potential to significantly bolster Nigeria's energy security and contribute to sustainable development.