Counterfeit Drugs Detection in the Nigeria Pharma-Chain via Enhanced Blockchain-based Mobile Authentication Service

Drugs has since become a major source of livelihood for Nigerians. It also accounts for over 85% of the total food consumed within her borders. The sector has maintained improved productivity and profitability via a concerted effort to address critical issues such as an unorganized regulatory system, lack of food safety data, no standards in agricultural produce, non-adaptation to precision farming, and non-harmony via inventory trace supports. This study proposes blockchain-based tracer-support system in a continued effort to ensure food quality, consumer safety, and trading of food assets. It uses the radio-frequency identification sensors to register and trace drugs manufacture cum administration process and provide a databank to trace the drug records via the shipment to its distribution centers. To ascertain, if the drug is genuine or fake, the user scans the QRcode via the mobile application API, which then generates feedback. Results achieves the following: (a) presents a framework and roadmap for adoption by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) to ensure pharmaceutical blockchain, (b) show ensemble is scalable for up-to 7500users to yield a performance of 1138-transactions per seconds with response time of 88secs for page retrieval and 128secs for queries respectively, and (c) yields slightly longer time for increased number of users via its world-state as stored in the permissionless blockchain hyper-fabric ledger. Thus, the framework can directly query and retrieve data without it traversing the whole ledger. This, in turn, improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the traceability system. Keywords: Nigerian Pharma-Chain, Fake/Counterfeit drugs, Healthcare, CORDA, hyper-ledger fabric, NAFDAC Ejeh, P.O., Okpor, M.D., Yoro, R.E., Ifioko, A.M., Onyemenem, I.S., Odiakaose, C,C., Ojugo, A.A., Ako, R.E., Emordi, F.U., Geteloma, V.O., Counterfeit Drugs Detection in the Nigeria Pharma-Chain via Enhanced Blockchain-based Mobile Authentication Service. Journal of Advances in Mathematical & Computational Science. 2024, Vol. 12, No. 1. Pp 25-44. Available online at isteams.net. dx.doi.org