This dataset contains survey information collected from 108 smallholder tomato farmers in Nyagatare District, Rwanda. The dataset documents postharvest loss management practices, adoption of improved technologies, tomato loss levels, income outcomes, motivations, barriers, and institutional support factors. The dataset was generated from a mixed-methods study evaluating improved postharvest loss management technologies and their contribution to reducing tomato losses and improving smallholder farmer livelihoods.