Evaluation of Power-Distribution Equipment Systems in Rwanda: A Randomized Field Trial

Rwanda is experiencing rapid urbanization, which has led to increased demand for reliable power distribution systems. A randomized field trial was conducted among 100 randomly selected households across three cities in Rwanda. Power quality, reliability, and cost-effectiveness were measured using statistical models. Among the tested equipment, solar-powered inverters showed an adoption rate of 75% due to their higher efficiency and reduced maintenance costs. The randomized field trial validated the effectiveness of solar-powered inverters in improving power distribution reliability and cost-effectiveness. Encourage further deployment of solar-powered inverters in rural and peri-urban areas, alongside improved grid infrastructure. Rwanda, Power Distribution Systems, Randomized Field Trial, Solar-Inverters, Urbanization The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y_{it}=\beta_0+\beta_1X_{it}+u_i+\varepsilon_{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.