Extreme wind speed modeling across Garoua city and Implications assessing for the flight activities

Abstract Extreme wind speed characteristics in Garoua city are not well understood. Hence, the paper analyses the directions, intensities, spatial and temporal distributions, variability, and trends of extreme wind events using wind speed data that span between the 2012–2017 period and measured at a height of 10 m, using the R and MATLAB programs. The results obtained show that the wind blows a little almost from all directions and the dominant direction is from the North-West with more than 40% of winds in this direction, the dominant axis is SE-NW with more than 55% of winds in this axis and the annual mean wind speed at a height of 10 m is 5 m/s in 2014. It was further shown that it decreased until it was canceled in 2017 characteristic of the calm wind. In addition, based on the hydrodynamic model, the results displayed that the trajectory presents significant curvature of extreme wind speeds with the hydrodynamic characteristics of the wind flow, and the extreme velocities were distributed according to Weibull's law. This fact denote a problem for lighter aircrafts, whose crosswind rates are lower. In this context, the forecast of high wind speed intensities and directions becomes very central.