The study focused on a systematic review of the application of artificial intelligence in predicting the disease surveillance as well as early warning system in Nigeria. Relevant literatures from the main database were selected, screened and analysed using a predefined criterion. The study assessed the techniques, sources of data and their effectiveness in enhancing the detection and response to disease outbreak early enough. The outcome shows the increasing potentials of artificial intelligence in the provision of strong support and strength for the public health systems as well as in the identification of important challenges like limitation of data, implementations of barriers. Thus, the study provides adequate information into the recent trends, gaps an opportunity for improving the artificial intelligence driven disease surveillance in the country.