The Effect of Terrorism on the Nigerian Economy a case study of Boko Haram and Herdsmen Insurgency 2015-2019

Between 2015 and 2019, terrorism in Nigeria — mainly the Boko Haram insurgency in the North-East and herder–farmer conflicts in the Middle Belt — had a severe impact on the economy. It disrupted agriculture and food production, displaced over 2 million people, and destroyed infrastructure, leading to higher food prices and widespread poverty. The government diverted huge funds to security and relief efforts, limiting investment in development. Insecurity also discouraged local and foreign investment, weakened trade routes, and slowed GDP growth. While the North-East and Middle Belt were hardest hit, the economic ripple effects spread nationwide